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Luxembourg: capital, population, area and flag

Luxembourg is a country in Western Europe (Europe). Its capital is Luxembourg. The population is about 687K (#162 of 193) and the area is about 2,590 km² (#167 of 193).

Key facts

Capital
Luxembourg
Region
Europe / Western Europe
Population
686,970 (2025) #162 of 193
Total area
2,590 km² (2024) #167 of 193
Population density
263.0 people/km² (2024) #35 of 193
GDP (total)
$101B (2025) #74 of 189
GDP per capita
$147,252 (2025) #3 of 189
Life expectancy
83.2 years (2024) #14 of 193
Distance from Japan
9,487 km #105 of 192
Area compared with Japan
about 1/150 that of Japan
Population compared with Japan
about 1/180 that of Japan
Main languages
Luxembourgish, French, German
Currency
Euro (EUR)
Calling code
+352
Time zone (capital)
UTC+1 (observes daylight saving time)
Time difference from Japan (standard time)
8 h behind Japan
Driving side
Right
Capital location
49.61°N 6.13°E

Population of Luxembourg, 1950–2100 (Japanese)
See past estimates, future projections and the population pyramid in the World Population Time Machine.

Map of Luxembourg

Map of Luxembourg

Capital: Luxembourg

Neighbors by land

Top rankings

Luxembourg is in the top 10 for:

Luxembourg in world rankings

How Luxembourg compares with other countries, indicator by indicator. Click an indicator to see the full ranking.

IndicatorValueYearRank
Geography & nature
Total area2,590 km²2024#167 of 193
Number of land borders3#80 of 193 tied
Latitude of the capital49.6°#20 of 193
Distance from Japan9,487 km#105 of 192
Forest area (share of land)34.5%2024#88 of 193
Arable land (share of land)23.8%2024#41 of 190
Protected land (share of land)39.1%2025#15 of 192
Agricultural land (share of land)51.7%2024#53 of 192
Average annual rainfall934 mm2022#96 of 180
Freshwater resources per person1,531 m³2022#109 of 181
Forest area887 km²2025#158 of 193
People & population
Population686,9702025#162 of 193
Population density263.0 people/km²2024#35 of 193
Population growth rate1.46%2025#69 of 193
Urban population (share of people)94.9%2025#11 of 193
Life expectancy83.2 years2024#14 of 193
Fertility rate1.25 births per woman2024#172 of 193 tied
Infant mortality rate1.9 per 1,000 births2024#185 of 192 tied
Birth rate9.5 per 1,000 people2024#152 of 193 tied
Share of people aged 65 and over15.8%2025#54 of 193
Share of children aged 0–1415.7%2025#154 of 193
Life expectancy of women85.5 years2024#13 of 193
Life expectancy of men81.0 years2024#20 of 193
Maternal mortality ratio11 per 100,000 births2023#144 of 192 tied
Death rate (per 1,000 people)6.6 per 1,000 people2024#119 of 193
Under-5 mortality (per 1,000 births)2.2 per 1,000 births2024#190 of 192
Population aged 15–64 (share of population)68.4%2025#34 of 193
Economy
GDP (total)$101B2025#74 of 189
GDP per capita$147,2522025#3 of 189
GDP per capita (PPP)$156,5422025#2 of 185
Economic growth rate0.6%2025#165 of 188
Inflation rate2.3%2025#115 of 179
Unemployment rate6.3%2025#68 of 178
Exports (share of GDP)190.5%2025#1 of 168
Imports (share of GDP)159.4%2025#1 of 168
Agriculture (share of GDP)0.2%2025#181 of 184
Industry (share of GDP)8.9%2025#182 of 185
Services (share of GDP)81.4%2025#2 of 185
Military spending (share of GDP)0.9%2025#126 of 155
Income inequality (Gini index)33.6 (0–100)2023#86 of 149
Goods exports (total)$18.4B2025#82 of 190
Money sent home by workers abroad (share of GDP)2.7%2025#78 of 170
Women in the labor force (share of women)57.5%2025#61 of 178
Youth unemployment rate21.5%2025#39 of 178
Cereal production140,770 t2024#136 of 177
Cereal yield (per hectare of farmland)5,208 kg/ha2024#36 of 175
Fish and seafood production (catch + farmed)8 t2024#189 of 193
Fish catch (from sea, rivers and lakes)0 t2024#189 of 193 tied
Aquaculture (farmed fish and seafood)8 t2024#172 of 193 tied
Livestock production growth (2014–16 = 100)122.1 (2014–16 average = 100)2024#55 of 187
Fertilizer use (per hectare of arable land)178 kg/ha2024#48 of 187
Manufacturing (share of GDP)3.7%2025#162 of 178
Employment in agriculture (share of jobs)0.9%2025#172 of 178
High-technology exports (share of manufactured exports)5.1%2024#98 of 168
Foreign direct investment, inflows (share of GDP)-32.7%2025#186 of 187
Labor force (number of people)355,9742025#159 of 178
Reserves of foreign currency and gold$3.06B2025#118 of 169
Extreme poverty (share living on less than $3.00 a day)0.1%2023#111 of 132 tied
Daily life & technology
Internet users (share of people)99.1%2025#6 of 186
Mobile phone subscriptions144.5 per 100 people2023#32 of 193
Access to electricity (share of people)100.0%2024#1 of 193 tied
Health spending (share of GDP)5.9%2024#106 of 192
Education spending (share of GDP)3.7%2022#110 of 179
Hospital beds4.0 per 1,000 people2023#41 of 157
Doctors2.98 per 1,000 people2017#62 of 188
Research spending (share of GDP)1.07%2023#37 of 130
Women in parliament (share of seats)35.0%2025#47 of 192 tied
University and college enrollment22.4%2024#119 of 163
Fixed broadband subscriptions40.3 per 100 people2024#22 of 192
Air passengers carried2,457,6832023#74 of 152
Safe drinking water (share of people)99.7%2024#17 of 136
Safe sanitation (share of people)96.3%2024#20 of 136
Undernourishment (share of people)2.5%2024#102 of 165 tied
Clean cooking fuels (share of people)100.0%2024#1 of 192 tied
Road traffic deaths4.1 per 100,000 people2019#164 of 183 tied
Measles vaccination (share of children)99.0%2024#1 of 192 tied
Secondary school enrollment (gross)108.6%2024#25 of 180
Primary school completion rate76.5%2024#138 of 172
Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)13.72 per 1,000 people2023#6 of 190
Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)8 per 100,000 people2024#153 of 191
Health spending per person$8,1702024#5 of 192
Environment
Renewable electricity (share of power)89.0%2021#16 of 187
CO₂ emissions per person10.6 t CO₂e per person2024#17 of 186
CO₂ emissions (total)7.1 Mt CO₂e2024#123 of 186
Air pollution (PM2.5)7.4 µg/m³2023#172 of 192
Energy use per person4,522 kg oil eq. per person2024#19 of 146
Renewable energy (share of final energy use)20.5%2021#104 of 191
Electricity consumption per person10,209 kWh per person2025#14 of 146
Electricity from nuclear power (share of total)0.0%2021#33 of 190 tied
Electricity from hydropower (share of total)36.3%2025#58 of 190
Greenhouse gas emissions (total)8.1 Mt CO₂e2024#146 of 186
Freshwater withdrawal (share of internal resources)4.8%2022#106 of 175
Food & farming
Wheat: production65,860 t2024#86 of 120
Maize (corn): production1,720 t2024#143 of 160
Barley: production32,920 t2024#77 of 100
Oats: production6,090 t2024#54 of 74
Rye: production6,200 t2024#37 of 62
Potatoes: production17,730 t2024#123 of 150
Soybeans: production50 t2024#95 of 101
Rapeseed (canola): production9,090 t2024#48 of 63
Dry peas: production710 t2024#84 of 95
Sunflower seeds: production670 t2024#68 of 73
Tomatoes: production210 t2024#157 of 164
Onions: production1,100 t2024#130 of 139
Cabbages: production910 t2024#126 of 143
Carrots (with turnips): production1,440 t2024#108 of 129
Cucumbers (with gherkins): production30 t2024#127 of 130
Lettuce (with chicory): production990 t2024#78 of 102
Cauliflower (with broccoli): production60 t2024#93 of 95
Mushrooms (with truffles): production290 t2024#57 of 63
Garlic: production10 t2024#102 of 102
Apples: production1,470 t2024#88 of 92
Grapes: production9,950 t2024#75 of 91
Strawberries: production20 t2024#79 of 80
Melons (cantaloupes and others): production10 t2024#95 of 95
Pears: production200 t2024#83 of 85
Plums (with sloes): production280 t2024#79 of 87
Cherries: production20 t2024#63 of 65 tied
Walnuts: production30 t2024#53 of 55 tied
Sugar beet: production1,700 t2024#54 of 57
Beef (cattle meat): production9,430 t2024#132 of 181
Pork (pig meat): production10,290 t2024#99 of 164
Cow’s milk: production482,940 t2024#92 of 178
Hen eggs: production2,279 t2024#141 of 167
Honey: production53 t2024#117 of 122
Sheep meat (mutton and lamb): production40 t2024#156 of 172
Goat meat: production20 t2024#151 of 164 tied
Goat’s milk: production2,740 t2024#92 of 108
Butter (with ghee): production559 t2023#109 of 124
Rainbow trout: production8 t2024#75 of 79 tied
Cattle: number of animals180,530 animals2024#141 of 183
Pigs: number of animals64,810 animals2024#119 of 165
Chickens: number of animals186,000 birds2024#176 of 181
Sheep: number of animals9,635 animals2024#156 of 173
Goats: number of animals4,422 animals2024#173 of 180
Horses: number of animals4,054 animals2024#107 of 143

Questions about Luxembourg

What is the capital of Luxembourg?

The capital of Luxembourg is Luxembourg.

What is the population of Luxembourg?

Luxembourg has a population of about 687K (2025), #162 of 193 among countries.

How big is Luxembourg?

Luxembourg covers about 2,590 km², #167 of 193 among countries.

Which continent is Luxembourg in?

Luxembourg is in Europe, in the region of Western Europe.

What currency and languages are used in Luxembourg?

The currency is the Euro. Main languages: Luxembourgish, French, German.

How does Luxembourg compare with Japan in size and population?

The area of Luxembourg is about 1/150 that of Japan, and its population is about 1/180 that of Japan.

How far is Luxembourg from Japan?

The capital, Luxembourg, is about 9,487 km from Tokyo, the capital of Japan, in a straight line.

What is the time difference between Luxembourg and Japan?

The capital, Luxembourg, is on UTC+1 in standard time: 8 h behind Japan. The difference changes by one hour during daylight saving time.

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