Countries ranked by Freshwater withdrawal (share of internal resources)
How much freshwater people take from rivers, lakes and underground each year, compared with the freshwater that the country’s own rain and rivers provide.
#1 Egypt (7,750.0%), #2 Bahrain (3,877.5%), #3 Turkmenistan (1,868.0%). The last place is Republic of the Congo (0.0%).
How to read this number
Total freshwater withdrawals (for farming, industry and households) as a percentage of the country’s internal renewable freshwater resources, which are the water from rain that flows in the country’s rivers and refills its groundwater each year. Source: World Bank (underlying data from the FAO AQUASTAT).
It can be far above 100 percent where water is taken from underground reserves that refill very slowly, from desalination plants, or from rivers that flow in from other countries, or where water is reused a lot. A high number shows pressure on water resources, but not by itself a shortage.
- Countries listed: 175 (of 193)
- Data years: 2021–2022 (differs by country)
- 174 countries use 2022 data
Map
Ranking table
Sorted from the highest value
| Rank | Country | Freshwater withdrawal (share of internal resources) | Year | Bar |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Egypt |
7,750.0% | 2022 | |
| 2 |  Bahrain |
3,877.5% | 2022 | |
| 3 |  Turkmenistan |
1,868.0% | 2022 | |
| 4 |  United Arab Emirates |
1,509.9% | 2022 | |
| 5 |  Saudi Arabia |
974.2% | 2022 | |
| 6 |  Libya |
817.1% | 2022 | |
| 7 |  Sudan |
673.4% | 2022 | |
| 8 |  Qatar |
446.4% | 2022 | |
| 9 |  Mauritania |
337.1% | 2022 | |
| 10 |  Pakistan |
326.0% | 2022 | |
| 11 |  Uzbekistan |
262.5% | 2022 | |
| 12 |  Israel |
204.0% | 2021 | |
| 13 |  Syria |
195.8% | 2022 | |
| 14 |  Yemen |
169.8% | 2022 | |
| 15 |  Azerbaijan |
160.5% | 2022 | |
| 16 |  Jordan |
139.3% | 2022 | |
| 17 |  Iraq |
120.5% | 2022 | |
| 18 |  Oman |
116.7% | 2022 | |
| 19 |  Tunisia |
92.1% | 2022 | |
| 20 |  Algeria |
91.5% | 2022 | |
| 21 |  Barbados |
87.5% | 2022 | |
| 22 |  Hungary |
78.2% | 2022 | |
| 23 |  Netherlands |
74.9% | 2022 | |
| 24 |  Niger |
73.8% | 2022 | |
| 25 |  Malta |
72.6% | 2022 | |
| 26 |  Iran |
72.3% | 2022 | |
| 27 |  Serbia |
60.6% | 2022 | |
| 28 |  Cape Verde |
59.7% | 2022 | |
| 29 |  Somalia |
55.0% | 2022 | |
| 30 |  Moldova |
52.2% | 2022 | |
| 31 |  St. Kitts & Nevis |
50.8% | 2022 | |
| 32 |  South Africa |
47.1% | 2022 | |
| 33 |  South Korea |
45.0% | 2022 | |
| 34 |  Armenia |
44.8% | 2022 | |
| 35 |  India |
44.8% | 2022 | |
| 36 |  Afghanistan |
43.0% | 2022 | |
| 37 |  Eswatini |
40.5% | 2022 | |
| 38 |  North Macedonia |
40.2% | 2022 | |
| 39 |  Zimbabwe |
40.0% | 2022 | |
| 40 |  Kazakhstan |
38.8% | 2022 | |
| 41 |  Lebanon |
37.8% | 2022 | |
| 42 |  Morocco |
36.5% | 2022 | |
| 43 |  Belgium |
35.8% | 2022 | |
| 44 |  Bangladesh |
34.2% | 2022 | |
| 45 |  Singapore |
33.3% | 2022 | |
| 46 |  Dominican Republic |
30.4% | 2022 | |
| 47 |  Cyprus |
28.6% | 2022 | |
| 48 |  Türkiye |
28.4% | 2022 | |
| 49 |  Spain |
26.1% | 2022 | |
| 50 |  Bulgaria |
25.9% | 2022 | |
| 51 |  Thailand |
25.5% | 2022 | |
| 52 |  Sri Lanka |
24.5% | 2022 | |
| 53 |  Germany |
24.1% | 2022 | |
| 54 |  Mauritius |
23.0% | 2022 | |
| 55 |  Vietnam |
22.8% | 2022 | |
| 56 |  Mexico |
22.0% | 2022 | |
| 57 |  Eritrea |
20.8% | 2022 | |
| 58 |  China |
20.2% | 2022 | |
| 59 |  Kenya |
19.5% | 2022 | |
| 60 |  Romania |
19.2% | 2022 | |
| 61 |  Philippines |
19.0% | 2022 | |
| 62 |  Japan |
18.5% | 2022 | |
| 63 |  Italy |
18.5% | 2022 | |
| 64 |  Cuba |
18.3% | 2022 | |
| 65 |  Poland |
17.5% | 2022 | |
| 66 |  Greece |
17.3% | 2022 | |
| 67 |  Tajikistan |
16.7% | 2022 | |
| 68 |  Portugal |
16.1% | 2022 | |
| 69 |  United States |
15.8% | 2022 | |
| 70 |  Kyrgyzstan |
15.8% | 2022 | |
| 71 |  Maldives |
15.7% | 2022 | |
| 72 |  Denmark |
15.6% | 2022 | |
| 73 |  St. Lucia |
14.3% | 2022 | |
| 74 |  Timor-Leste |
14.3% | 2022 | |
| 75 |  North Korea |
12.9% | 2022 | |
| 76 |  Argentina |
12.9% | 2022 | |
| 77 |  El Salvador |
12.4% | 2022 | |
| 78 |  Jamaica |
12.4% | 2022 | |
| 79 |  France |
12.2% | 2022 | |
| 80 |  Senegal |
11.9% | 2022 | |
| 81 |  Haiti |
11.1% | 2022 | |
| 82 |  Indonesia |
11.0% | 2022 | |
| 83 |  Czechia |
11.0% | 2022 | |
| 84 |  Dominica |
10.0% | 2022 | |
| 85 |  Estonia |
9.5% | 2022 | |
| 86 |  Botswana |
8.9% | 2022 | |
| 87 |  Ukraine |
8.8% | 2022 | |
| 88 |  Trinidad & Tobago |
8.8% | 2022 | |
| 89 |  Ethiopia |
8.6% | 2022 | |
| 90 |  Mali |
8.6% | 2022 | |
| 91 |  Antigua & Barbuda |
8.5% | 2022 | |
| 92 |  Malawi |
8.4% | 2022 | |
| 93 |  St. Vincent & Grenadines |
7.9% | 2022 | |
| 94 |  Grenada |
7.1% | 2022 | |
| 95 |  Burkina Faso |
6.5% | 2022 | |
| 96 |  Rwanda |
6.4% | 2022 | |
| 97 |  Djibouti |
6.3% | 2022 | |
| 98 |  Tanzania |
6.2% | 2022 | |
| 99 |  Chad |
5.9% | 2022 | |
| 100 |  United Kingdom |
5.8% | 2022 | |
| 101 |  Austria |
5.7% | 2022 | |
| 102 |  Nigeria |
5.6% | 2022 | |
| 103 |  Uruguay |
4.9% | 2022 | |
| 104 |  Nepal |
4.8% | 2022 | |
| 105 |  Ghana |
4.8% | 2022 | |
| 106 |  Luxembourg |
4.8% | 2022 | |
| 107 |  Slovakia |
4.5% | 2022 | |
| 108 |  Slovenia |
4.4% | 2022 | |
| 109 |  Switzerland |
4.2% | 2022 | |
| 110 |  Belarus |
4.2% | 2022 | |
| 111 |  Chile |
4.0% | 2022 | |
| 112 |  Madagascar |
4.0% | 2022 | |
| 113 |  Laos |
3.9% | 2022 | |
| 114 |  Ireland |
3.4% | 2022 | |
| 115 |  Gambia |
3.4% | 2022 | |
| 116 |  Myanmar |
3.3% | 2022 | |
| 117 |  Costa Rica |
3.1% | 2022 | |
| 118 |  Guatemala |
3.0% | 2022 | |
| 119 |  New Zealand |
3.0% | 2022 | |
| 120 |  Albania |
3.0% | 2022 | |
| 121 |  Venezuela |
2.8% | 2022 | |
| 122 |  Finland |
2.8% | 2022 | |
| 123 |  Burundi |
2.8% | 2022 | |
| 124 |  South Sudan |
2.5% | 2022 | |
| 125 |  Australia |
2.4% | 2022 | |
| 126 |  Ecuador |
2.2% | 2022 | |
| 127 |  Georgia |
2.2% | 2022 | |
| 128 |  Paraguay |
2.1% | 2022 | |
| 129 |  Zambia |
2.0% | 2022 | |
| 130 |  Lithuania |
1.9% | 2022 | |
| 131 |  Togo |
1.9% | 2022 | |
| 132 |  São Tomé & Príncipe |
1.9% | 2022 | |
| 133 |  Cambodia |
1.8% | 2022 | |
| 134 |  Croatia |
1.8% | 2022 | |
| 135 |  Honduras |
1.8% | 2022 | |
| 136 |  Namibia |
1.7% | 2022 | |
| 137 |  Uganda |
1.6% | 2022 | |
| 138 |  Peru |
1.6% | 2022 | |
| 139 |  Côte d’Ivoire |
1.5% | 2022 | |
| 140 |  Russia |
1.5% | 2022 | |
| 141 |  Mozambique |
1.5% | 2022 | |
| 142 |  Sweden |
1.5% | 2022 | |
| 143 |  Mongolia |
1.3% | 2022 | |
| 144 |  Canada |
1.3% | 2022 | |
| 145 |  Benin |
1.3% | 2022 | |
| 146 |  Brazil |
1.2% | 2022 | |
| 147 |  Malaysia |
1.2% | 2022 | |
| 148 |  Colombia |
1.1% | 2022 | |
| 149 |  Guinea-Bissau |
1.1% | 2022 | |
| 150 |  Brunei |
1.1% | 2022 | |
| 151 |  Latvia |
1.0% | 2022 | |
| 152 |  Panama |
0.9% | 2022 | |
| 153 |  Bosnia & Herzegovina |
0.9% | 2022 | |
| 154 |  Lesotho |
0.8% | 2022 | |
| 155 |  Comoros |
0.8% | 2022 | |
| 156 |  Nicaragua |
0.8% | 2022 | |
| 157 |  Norway |
0.7% | 2022 | |
| 158 |  Belize |
0.7% | 2022 | |
| 159 |  Suriname |
0.6% | 2022 | |
| 160 |  Guyana |
0.6% | 2022 | |
| 161 |  Angola |
0.5% | 2022 | |
| 162 |  Bhutan |
0.4% | 2022 | |
| 163 |  Cameroon |
0.4% | 2022 | |
| 164 |  Guinea |
0.4% | 2022 | |
| 165 |  Fiji |
0.3% | 2022 | |
| 166 |  Iceland |
0.2% | 2022 | |
| 167 |  Sierra Leone |
0.1% | 2022 | |
| 168 |  Bolivia |
0.1% | 2022 | |
| 169 |  Gabon |
0.1% | 2022 | |
| 170 |  Equatorial Guinea |
0.1% | 2022 | |
| 171 |  Democratic Republic of the Congo |
0.1% | 2022 | |
| 172 |  Liberia |
0.1% | 2022 | |
| 173 |  Central African Republic |
0.1% | 2022 | |
| 174 |  Papua New Guinea |
0.0% | 2022 | |
| 175 |  Republic of the Congo |
0.0% | 2022 |
No matching countries.
Each value is the latest year available for that country (see the Year column), so the years can differ from country to country.
Data is available for 175 of 193 countries. The rest are not listed.
Source: Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), indicator ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS. Processed by this site. data.worldbank.org
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