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India: capital, population, area and flag

India is a country in Southern Asia (Asia). Its capital is New Delhi. The population is about 1.46B (#1 of 193) and the area is about 3,287,263 km² (#7 of 193).

Key facts

Capital
New Delhi
Region
Asia / Southern Asia
Population
1,463,865,525 (2025) #1 of 193
Total area
3,287,263 km² (2024) #7 of 193
Population density
488.0 people/km² (2024) #16 of 193
GDP (total)
$3.96T (2025) #6 of 189
GDP per capita
$2,702 (2025) #145 of 189
Life expectancy
72.2 years (2024) #115 of 193
Distance from Japan
5,837 km #165 of 192
Largest city
Mumbai
Area compared with Japan
about 8.7 times that of Japan
Population compared with Japan
about 12 times that of Japan
Main languages
Hindi, English
Currency
Indian Rupee (INR)
Calling code
+91
Time zone (capital)
UTC+5:30
Time difference from Japan (standard time)
3 h 30 min behind Japan
Driving side
Left
Capital location
28.61°N 77.21°E

Population of India, 1950–2100 (Japanese)
See past estimates, future projections and the population pyramid in the World Population Time Machine.

Map of India

Map of India

Capital: New Delhi

India: number one in the world

India ranks first in the world for these crops, animals, seafood and farm products (latest FAO data). Select one to see the whole ranking.

India: in the world’s top 10 for food & farming

India ranks among the world’s top 10 for these crops, animals, seafood and farm products (latest FAO data).

Neighbors by land

Top rankings

India is in the top 10 for:

India in world rankings

How India compares with other countries, indicator by indicator. Click an indicator to see the full ranking.

IndicatorValueYearRank
Geography & nature
Total area3,287,263 km²2024#7 of 193
Number of land borders6#20 of 193 tied
Latitude of the capital28.6°#75 of 193
Distance from Japan5,837 km#165 of 192
Forest area (share of land)24.4%2024#112 of 193
Arable land (share of land)51.7%2024#6 of 190
Protected land (share of land)7.7%2025#156 of 192 tied
Agricultural land (share of land)59.9%2024#38 of 192
Average annual rainfall1,083 mm2022#86 of 180
Freshwater resources per person1,014 m³2022#126 of 181
Forest area727,390 km²2025#9 of 193
Marine protected areas (share of territorial waters)0.3%2025#114 of 153 tied
People & population
Population1,463,865,5252025#1 of 193
Population density488.0 people/km²2024#16 of 193
Population growth rate0.89%2025#104 of 193
Urban population (share of people)35.7%2025#159 of 193
Life expectancy72.2 years2024#115 of 193
Fertility rate1.96 births per woman2024#98 of 193
Infant mortality rate23.3 per 1,000 births2024#61 of 192
Birth rate16.0 per 1,000 people2024#93 of 193
Share of people aged 65 and over7.4%2025#98 of 193
Share of children aged 0–1424.2%2025#98 of 193
Life expectancy of women73.9 years2024#124 of 193
Life expectancy of men70.7 years2024#93 of 193
Maternal mortality ratio80 per 100,000 births2023#73 of 192 tied
City dwellers living in the largest city (share)6.6%2025#147 of 149
Death rate (per 1,000 people)6.6 per 1,000 people2024#120 of 193
Under-5 mortality (per 1,000 births)26.6 per 1,000 births2024#62 of 192
Population aged 15–64 (share of population)68.4%2025#35 of 193
Economy
GDP (total)$3.96T2025#6 of 189
GDP per capita$2,7022025#145 of 189
GDP per capita (PPP)$11,7482025#123 of 185
Economic growth rate7.6%2025#14 of 188
Inflation rate2.4%2025#107 of 179
Unemployment rate4.2%2025#110 of 178
Exports (share of GDP)22.3%2025#123 of 168
Imports (share of GDP)24.0%2025#140 of 168
Agriculture (share of GDP)16.2%2025#48 of 184
Industry (share of GDP)25.2%2025#82 of 185
Services (share of GDP)49.3%2025#134 of 185
Military spending (share of GDP)2.3%2025#47 of 155
Income inequality (Gini index)23.0 (0–100)2023#149 of 149
Goods exports (total)$445B2025#17 of 190
Money sent home by workers abroad (share of GDP)3.8%2025#61 of 170
Women in the labor force (share of women)32.4%2025#156 of 178
Youth unemployment rate16.0%2025#68 of 178
Cereal production391,123,858 t2024#3 of 177
Cereal yield (per hectare of farmland)3,633 kg/ha2024#73 of 175
Fish and seafood production (catch + farmed)18,450,687 t2024#3 of 193
Fish catch (from sea, rivers and lakes)6,356,492 t2024#3 of 193
Aquaculture (farmed fish and seafood)12,094,195 t2024#3 of 193
Livestock production growth (2014–16 = 100)154.7 (2014–16 average = 100)2024#16 of 187
Fertilizer use (per hectare of arable land)214 kg/ha2024#32 of 187
Manufacturing (share of GDP)13.5%2025#56 of 178
Employment in agriculture (share of jobs)41.6%2025#38 of 178
High-technology exports (share of manufactured exports)18.6%2024#34 of 168
Foreign direct investment, inflows (share of GDP)1.0%2025#131 of 187
Development aid received (share of national income)0.1%2023#124 of 132
Labor force (number of people)617,625,3362025#2 of 178
Reserves of foreign currency and gold$700B2025#5 of 169
Extreme poverty (share living on less than $3.00 a day)2.6%2023#54 of 132
Daily life & technology
Internet users (share of people)70.0%2025#120 of 186
Mobile phone subscriptions79.4 per 100 people2024#152 of 193
Access to electricity (share of people)99.9%2024#101 of 193 tied
Health spending (share of GDP)3.3%2023#170 of 192
Education spending (share of GDP)4.1%2022#95 of 179
Hospital beds1.6 per 1,000 people2021#105 of 157 tied
Doctors0.72 per 1,000 people2020#127 of 188
Research spending (share of GDP)0.65%2020#57 of 130
Women in parliament (share of seats)13.8%2025#155 of 192
University and college enrollment34.4%2025#104 of 163
Fixed broadband subscriptions3.2 per 100 people2024#132 of 192
Air passengers carried180,415,7842023#4 of 152
Safe drinking water (share of people)76.4%2024#66 of 136
Safe sanitation (share of people)62.8%2024#65 of 136
Undernourishment (share of people)9.8%2024#59 of 165
Clean cooking fuels (share of people)81.0%2024#119 of 192
Road traffic deaths15.6 per 100,000 people2019#89 of 183
Measles vaccination (share of children)97.0%2024#31 of 192 tied
Secondary school enrollment (gross)79.6%2025#127 of 180
Primary school completion rate90.3%2025#112 of 172
Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)1.72 per 1,000 people2020#141 of 190
Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)187 per 100,000 people2024#38 of 191
Health spending per person$852023#150 of 192
Container port traffic (TEU)23,898,000 TEU2024#7 of 150
Environment
Renewable electricity (share of power)19.1%2021#114 of 187
CO₂ emissions per person2.2 t CO₂e per person2024#99 of 186
CO₂ emissions (total)3,153.8 Mt CO₂e2024#3 of 186
Air pollution (PM2.5)54.1 µg/m³2023#11 of 192
Energy use per person777 kg oil eq. per person2024#104 of 146
Renewable energy (share of final energy use)34.9%2021#69 of 191 tied
Electricity consumption per person1,223 kWh per person2024#99 of 146
Electricity from nuclear power (share of total)2.7%2024#28 of 190
Electricity from hydropower (share of total)7.7%2024#105 of 190
Greenhouse gas emissions (total)4,371.2 Mt CO₂e2024#3 of 186
Freshwater withdrawal (share of internal resources)44.8%2022#35 of 175
Food & farming
Wheat: production113,292,368 t2024#2 of 120
Rice: production217,867,864 t2024#1 of 114
Maize (corn): production40,230,573 t2024#5 of 160
Barley: production1,699,235 t2024#18 of 100
Sorghum: production5,413,005 t2024#3 of 107
Millet: production12,620,813 t2024#1 of 73
Potatoes: production57,053,344 t2024#2 of 150
Cassava: production6,283,343 t2024#15 of 92
Sweet potatoes: production1,305,997 t2024#8 of 105
Yams: production977,000 t2024#6 of 56
Soybeans: production15,132,082 t2024#5 of 101
Groundnuts (peanuts): production11,945,539 t2024#2 of 108
Rapeseed (canola): production13,259,142 t2024#3 of 63
Dry beans: production7,990,946 t2024#1 of 105
Chickpeas: production11,038,756 t2024#1 of 47
Lentils: production1,791,436 t2024#2 of 43
Dry peas: production1,066,557 t2024#4 of 95
Sunflower seeds: production177,329 t2024#23 of 73
Coconuts: production14,707,567 t2024#2 of 79
Tomatoes: production21,323,223 t2024#2 of 164
Onions: production24,266,712 t2024#1 of 139
Cabbages: production10,431,705 t2024#2 of 143
Carrots (with turnips): production2,776,332 t2024#3 of 129
Cucumbers (with gherkins): production2,050,135 t2024#2 of 130
Lettuce (with chicory): production1,174,760 t2024#3 of 102
Cauliflower (with broccoli): production9,794,357 t2024#2 of 95
Eggplants (aubergines): production12,998,367 t2024#2 of 94
Green chilies and sweet peppers: production5,317,989 t2024#2 of 124
Mushrooms (with truffles): production347,450 t2024#3 of 63
Garlic: production3,239,000 t2024#2 of 102
Oranges: production3,851,837 t2024#5 of 112
Tangerines (mandarins): production6,075,893 t2024#2 of 70
Lemons (with limes): production3,835,727 t2024#1 of 101
Apples: production2,625,899 t2024#5 of 92
Bananas: production37,614,362 t2024#1 of 113
Grapes: production3,904,287 t2024#6 of 91
Mangoes (with guavas and mangosteens): production27,766,261 t2024#1 of 96
Pineapples: production1,733,499 t2024#6 of 82
Strawberries: production21,101 t2024#32 of 80
Watermelons: production3,721,254 t2024#2 of 119
Peaches (with nectarines): production108,719 t2024#23 of 79
Melons (cantaloupes and others): production1,540,738 t2024#2 of 95
Pears: production274,315 t2024#8 of 85
Plums (with sloes): production67,936 t2024#21 of 87
Apricots: production15,937 t2024#36 of 65
Cherries: production10,114 t2024#29 of 65
Papayas: production5,292,173 t2024#1 of 68
Almonds: production12,345 t2024#20 of 48
Walnuts: production317,776 t2024#5 of 55
Coffee: production363,000 t2024#7 of 74
Cocoa beans: production30,388 t2024#15 of 58
Tea: production6,156,031 t2024#2 of 45
Sugar cane: production453,158,494 t2024#2 of 93
Cotton (fibre): production5,528,744 t2023#2 of 85
Tobacco: production727,203 t2024#2 of 117
Black pepper (Piper spp.): production126,038 t2024#2 of 45
Ginger: production2,333,000 t2024#1 of 40
Pork (pig meat): production371,572 t2024#32 of 164
Chicken meat: production5,019,410 t2024#5 of 183
Cow’s milk: production135,000,000 t2024#1 of 178
Hen eggs: production8,101,885 t2024#2 of 167
Honey: production146,000 t2024#2 of 122
Sheep meat (mutton and lamb): production1,292,048 t2024#2 of 172
Goat meat: production1,722,779 t2024#2 of 164
Goat’s milk: production7,335,907 t2024#1 of 108
Butter (with ghee): production5,476,098 t2023#1 of 124
Cheese (all kinds): production21,375 t2023#67 of 105
Whiteleg shrimp: production1,183,453 t2024#3 of 54
Giant tiger prawn: production274,339 t2024#2 of 26
Giant river prawn: production26,368 t2024#4 of 30
Nile tilapia: production20,947 t2024#20 of 79
Grass carp: production41,132 t2024#4 of 47
Silver carp: production735,526 t2024#2 of 46
Common carp: production36,643 t2024#8 of 97
African sharptooth catfish: production132,126 t2024#3 of 63
Barramundi (giant sea perch): production7,147 t2024#6 of 20
Rainbow trout: production1,316 t2024#38 of 79
Skipjack tuna: production30,943 t2024#25 of 82
Yellowfin tuna: production29,141 t2024#18 of 82
Bigeye tuna: production446 t2024#42 of 68
Swordfish: production1,672 t2024#14 of 76
Seaweeds and other aquatic plants: production80,249 t2024#11 of 68
Shrimps and prawns: production1,707,931 t2024#2 of 114
Crabs: production63,731 t2024#6 of 97
Lobsters: production1,777 t2024#21 of 91
Crayfish and other freshwater crustaceans: production27,866 t2024#5 of 64
Oysters: production5,491 t2024#14 of 51
Mussels: production6,241 t2024#21 of 52
Squids, cuttlefish and octopuses: production230,493 t2024#3 of 102
Tunas, bonitos and billfishes: production206,976 t2024#13 of 133
Carps and other cyprinids: production8,637,397 t2024#2 of 115
Tilapias and other cichlids: production21,277 t2024#28 of 119
Herrings, sardines and anchovies: production776,552 t2024#5 of 108
Cods, hakes and haddocks: production8 t2024#61 of 65
Flatfishes (flounders, halibuts, soles): production34,691 t2024#7 of 91
Sharks and rays: production17,146 t2024#8 of 127
Cattle: number of animals194,753,479 animals2024#2 of 183
Pigs: number of animals8,299,528 animals2024#20 of 165
Chickens: number of animals852,885,000 birds2024#7 of 181
Sheep: number of animals114,623,765 animals2024#2 of 173
Goats: number of animals210,632,609 animals2024#1 of 180
Horses: number of animals174,515 animals2024#41 of 143
Buffaloes: number of animals112,377,516 animals2024#1 of 45
Camels: number of animals175,530 animals2024#22 of 46
Donkeys: number of animals51,608 animals2024#43 of 104
Ducks: number of animals33,633,000 birds2024#5 of 80

Questions about India

What is the capital of India?

The capital of India is New Delhi.

What is the population of India?

India has a population of about 1.46B (2025), #1 of 193 among countries.

How big is India?

India covers about 3,287,263 km², #7 of 193 among countries.

Which continent is India in?

India is in Asia, in the region of Southern Asia.

What is India number one in the world for in food and farming?

India ranks first in the world for: Rice 218M t, Millet 12.6M t, Dry beans 7.99M t, Chickpeas 11M t, Onions 24.3M t, Lemons (with limes) 3.84M t, Bananas 37.6M t, Mangoes (with guavas and mangosteens) 27.8M t, Papayas 5.29M t, Ginger 2.33M t, Cow’s milk 135M t, Goat’s milk 7.34M t, Butter (with ghee) 5.48M t, Goats 211M animals, Buffaloes 112M animals (FAO data).

What currency and languages are used in India?

The currency is the Indian Rupee. Main languages: Hindi, English.

How does India compare with Japan in size and population?

The area of India is about 8.7 times that of Japan, and its population is about 12 times that of Japan.

How far is India from Japan?

The capital, New Delhi, is about 5,837 km from Tokyo, the capital of Japan, in a straight line.

What is the time difference between India and Japan?

The capital, New Delhi, is on UTC+5:30 in standard time: 3 h 30 min behind Japan.

What is the largest city in India?

The largest city in India is Mumbai. The capital is New Delhi.

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