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Italy: capital, population, area and flag

Italy is a country in Southern Europe (Europe). Its capital is Rome. The population is about 58.9M (#25 of 193) and the area is about 302,070 km² (#71 of 193).

Key facts

Capital
Rome
Region
Europe / Southern Europe
Population
58,915,656 (2025) #25 of 193
Total area
302,070 km² (2024) #71 of 193
Population density
199.4 people/km² (2024) #51 of 193
GDP (total)
$2.55T (2025) #9 of 189
GDP per capita
$43,309 (2025) #28 of 189
Life expectancy
84.0 years (2024) #9 of 193
Distance from Japan
9,855 km #92 of 192
Area compared with Japan
about 0.8 times that of Japan
Population compared with Japan
about 1/2 that of Japan
Main languages
Italian
Currency
Euro (EUR)
Calling code
+39
Time zone (capital)
UTC+1 (observes daylight saving time)
Time difference from Japan (standard time)
8 h behind Japan
Driving side
Right
Capital location
41.89°N 12.48°E

Population of Italy, 1950–2100 (Japanese)
See past estimates, future projections and the population pyramid in the World Population Time Machine.

Map of Italy

Map of Italy

Capital: Rome

Italy: in the world’s top 10 for food & farming

Italy ranks among the world’s top 10 for these crops, animals, seafood and farm products (latest FAO data).

Neighbors by land

Top rankings

Italy is in the top 10 for:

Italy in world rankings

How Italy compares with other countries, indicator by indicator. Click an indicator to see the full ranking.

IndicatorValueYearRank
Geography & nature
Total area302,070 km²2024#71 of 193
Number of land borders5#34 of 193 tied
Latitude of the capital41.9°#42 of 193
Distance from Japan9,855 km#92 of 192
Forest area (share of land)31.8%2024#100 of 193
Arable land (share of land)23.5%2024#42 of 190
Protected land (share of land)21.5%2025#75 of 192
Agricultural land (share of land)43.6%2024#80 of 192
Average annual rainfall832 mm2022#104 of 180
Freshwater resources per person3,093 m³2022#82 of 181
Forest area94,220 km²2025#56 of 193
Marine protected areas (share of territorial waters)11.0%2025#44 of 153
People & population
Population58,915,6562025#25 of 193
Population density199.4 people/km²2024#51 of 193
Population growth rate-0.06%2025#159 of 193
Urban population (share of people)69.7%2025#76 of 193
Life expectancy84.0 years2024#9 of 193
Fertility rate1.18 births per woman2024#180 of 193 tied
Infant mortality rate2.3 per 1,000 births2024#176 of 192 tied
Birth rate6.3 per 1,000 people2024#189 of 193
Share of people aged 65 and over25.1%2025#3 of 193
Share of children aged 0–1411.7%2025#190 of 193
Life expectancy of women86.0 years2024#9 of 193
Life expectancy of men82.0 years2024#9 of 193
Maternal mortality ratio6 per 100,000 births2023#160 of 192 tied
City dwellers living in the largest city (share)10.6%2025#140 of 149
Death rate (per 1,000 people)11.0 per 1,000 people2024#27 of 193
Under-5 mortality (per 1,000 births)2.7 per 1,000 births2024#177 of 192 tied
Population aged 15–64 (share of population)63.2%2025#117 of 193
Economy
GDP (total)$2.55T2025#9 of 189
GDP per capita$43,3092025#28 of 189
GDP per capita (PPP)$62,8032025#30 of 185
Economic growth rate0.5%2025#169 of 188
Inflation rate1.5%2025#132 of 179
Unemployment rate6.4%2025#67 of 178
Exports (share of GDP)32.2%2025#92 of 168
Imports (share of GDP)30.3%2025#119 of 168
Agriculture (share of GDP)2.1%2025#141 of 184
Industry (share of GDP)22.6%2025#106 of 185
Services (share of GDP)64.5%2025#47 of 185
Military spending (share of GDP)1.9%2025#71 of 155
Income inequality (Gini index)34.3 (0–100)2023#76 of 149 tied
Goods exports (total)$726B2025#6 of 190
Money sent home by workers abroad (share of GDP)0.5%2025#133 of 170
Women in the labor force (share of women)40.8%2025#142 of 178
Youth unemployment rate20.5%2025#43 of 178
Cereal production14,135,940 t2024#33 of 177
Cereal yield (per hectare of farmland)4,982 kg/ha2024#44 of 175
Fish and seafood production (catch + farmed)231,869 t2024#62 of 193
Fish catch (from sea, rivers and lakes)134,076 t2024#72 of 193
Aquaculture (farmed fish and seafood)97,793 t2024#42 of 193
Livestock production growth (2014–16 = 100)102.9 (2014–16 average = 100)2024#124 of 187
Fertilizer use (per hectare of arable land)112 kg/ha2024#81 of 187
Manufacturing (share of GDP)15.0%2025#41 of 178
Employment in agriculture (share of jobs)3.3%2025#145 of 178
High-technology exports (share of manufactured exports)11.9%2024#54 of 168
Foreign direct investment, inflows (share of GDP)0.0%2025#164 of 187
Labor force (number of people)25,660,5872025#27 of 178
Reserves of foreign currency and gold$434B2025#10 of 169
Extreme poverty (share living on less than $3.00 a day)0.9%2023#75 of 132 tied
Daily life & technology
Internet users (share of people)89.2%2024#61 of 186
Mobile phone subscriptions132.6 per 100 people2024#48 of 193
Access to electricity (share of people)100.0%2024#1 of 193 tied
Health spending (share of GDP)8.4%2024#52 of 192
Education spending (share of GDP)4.1%2022#99 of 179
Hospital beds3.1 per 1,000 people2022#58 of 157
Doctors4.19 per 1,000 people2022#26 of 188
Research spending (share of GDP)1.38%2023#34 of 130
Women in parliament (share of seats)32.8%2025#59 of 192
University and college enrollment75.9%2023#39 of 163
Fixed broadband subscriptions31.8 per 100 people2024#46 of 192
Air passengers carried20,264,7342023#33 of 152
Safe drinking water (share of people)96.8%2024#36 of 136
Safe sanitation (share of people)78.2%2024#50 of 136
Undernourishment (share of people)2.5%2024#102 of 165 tied
Clean cooking fuels (share of people)99.0%2024#45 of 192 tied
Road traffic deaths5.3 per 100,000 people2019#155 of 183 tied
Measles vaccination (share of children)95.0%2024#60 of 192 tied
Secondary school enrollment (gross)100.7%2023#57 of 180
Primary school completion rate97.4%2023#64 of 172
Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)6.76 per 1,000 people2022#40 of 190
Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)5 per 100,000 people2024#163 of 191
Health spending per person$3,3982024#27 of 192
Container port traffic (TEU)11,927,016 TEU2024#17 of 150
Environment
Renewable electricity (share of power)41.0%2021#68 of 187
CO₂ emissions per person5.1 t CO₂e per person2024#48 of 186
CO₂ emissions (total)299.2 Mt CO₂e2024#18 of 186
Air pollution (PM2.5)14.3 µg/m³2023#122 of 192
Energy use per person2,248 kg oil eq. per person2024#50 of 146
Renewable energy (share of final energy use)17.5%2021#116 of 191
Electricity consumption per person5,178 kWh per person2025#40 of 146
Electricity from nuclear power (share of total)0.0%2021#33 of 190 tied
Electricity from hydropower (share of total)15.7%2025#88 of 190
Greenhouse gas emissions (total)371.2 Mt CO₂e2024#25 of 186
Freshwater withdrawal (share of internal resources)18.5%2022#63 of 175
Food & farming
Wheat: production6,213,210 t2024#23 of 120
Rice: production1,448,760 t2024#34 of 114
Maize (corn): production4,940,530 t2024#26 of 160
Barley: production918,580 t2024#30 of 100
Sorghum: production256,040 t2024#25 of 107
Oats: production211,980 t2024#25 of 74
Rye: production11,970 t2024#35 of 62
Potatoes: production1,412,700 t2024#37 of 150
Soybeans: production1,125,580 t2024#14 of 101
Rapeseed (canola): production80,840 t2024#35 of 63
Dry peas: production37,470 t2024#29 of 95
Sunflower seeds: production287,680 t2024#17 of 73
Tomatoes: production6,022,790 t2024#6 of 164
Onions: production401,990 t2024#38 of 139
Cabbages: production412,680 t2024#22 of 143
Carrots (with turnips): production510,840 t2024#16 of 129
Cucumbers (with gherkins): production96,290 t2024#43 of 130
Lettuce (with chicory): production688,680 t2024#5 of 102
Cauliflower (with broccoli): production366,800 t2024#8 of 95
Eggplants (aubergines): production413,080 t2024#9 of 94
Green chilies and sweet peppers: production234,830 t2024#20 of 124
Mushrooms (with truffles): production60,550 t2024#17 of 63
Garlic: production26,320 t2024#31 of 102
Oranges: production1,807,320 t2024#11 of 112
Tangerines (mandarins): production825,600 t2024#10 of 70
Lemons (with limes): production431,590 t2024#12 of 101
Apples: production2,398,540 t2024#6 of 92
Grapes: production7,637,640 t2024#2 of 91
Strawberries: production123,850 t2024#13 of 80
Watermelons: production723,590 t2024#18 of 119
Peaches (with nectarines): production1,092,160 t2024#4 of 79
Olives: production2,299,660 t2024#4 of 40
Melons (cantaloupes and others): production771,640 t2024#6 of 95
Pears: production436,570 t2024#6 of 85
Plums (with sloes): production170,170 t2024#14 of 87
Apricots: production240,080 t2024#5 of 65
Cherries: production80,670 t2024#9 of 65
Grapefruits (with pomelos): production5,490 t2024#42 of 71
Almonds: production74,960 t2024#8 of 48
Walnuts: production15,940 t2024#21 of 55
Sugar beet: production1,534,440 t2024#22 of 57
Tobacco: production33,900 t2024#18 of 117
Beef (cattle meat): production659,120 t2024#21 of 181
Pork (pig meat): production1,259,850 t2024#17 of 164
Chicken meat: production1,134,090 t2024#27 of 183
Cow’s milk: production13,185,340 t2024#16 of 178
Hen eggs: production712,500 t2023#22 of 167
Honey: production21,857 t2024#22 of 122
Sheep meat (mutton and lamb): production23,780 t2024#57 of 172
Goat meat: production1,730 t2024#95 of 164
Goat’s milk: production57,900 t2024#42 of 108
Butter (with ghee): production94,400 t2023#22 of 124
Cheese (all kinds): production1,344,110 t2023#4 of 105
Silver carp: production50 t2024#35 of 46 tied
Common carp: production154 t2024#66 of 97
Rainbow trout: production30,523 t2024#10 of 79
Gilthead seabream: production8,517 t2024#8 of 31
European seabass: production4,609 t2024#7 of 29
Pacific cupped oyster: production210 t2024#18 of 30
Skipjack tuna: production4,714 t2024#40 of 82
Yellowfin tuna: production2,530 t2024#47 of 82
Bigeye tuna: production494 t2024#41 of 68
Albacore: production2,586 t2024#13 of 60
Atlantic bluefin tuna: production4,797 t2024#6 of 32
Swordfish: production5,746 t2024#6 of 76
Atlantic mackerel: production369 t2024#18 of 29
Blue whiting: production105 t2024#18 of 21
European pilchard (sardine): production7,705 t2024#13 of 28
European anchovy: production19,432 t2024#7 of 36
European sprat: production4 t2024#21 of 24
Common octopus: production2,736 t2024#6 of 23
Seaweeds and other aquatic plants: production1,228 t2024#31 of 68
Shrimps and prawns: production9,661 t2024#40 of 114
Crabs: production448 t2024#52 of 97
Lobsters: production876 t2024#29 of 91
Oysters: production362 t2024#27 of 51
Clams and cockles: production26,940 t2024#10 of 55
Scallops: production269 t2024#21 of 31
Mussels: production44,640 t2024#7 of 52
Squids, cuttlefish and octopuses: production9,105 t2024#29 of 102
Tunas, bonitos and billfishes: production22,736 t2024#46 of 133
Carps and other cyprinids: production611 t2024#72 of 115
Herrings, sardines and anchovies: production28,930 t2024#53 of 108
Cods, hakes and haddocks: production6,683 t2024#32 of 65
Flatfishes (flounders, halibuts, soles): production2,395 t2024#35 of 91
Freshwater eels: production317 t2024#12 of 41
Sea urchins, sea cucumbers and other echinoderms: production8 t2024#37 of 48
Sharks and rays: production1,256 t2024#49 of 127
Cattle: number of animals5,765,000 animals2024#46 of 183
Pigs: number of animals7,820,490 animals2024#22 of 165
Sheep: number of animals5,390,350 animals2024#51 of 173
Goats: number of animals911,000 animals2024#79 of 180
Horses: number of animals365,414 animals2022#28 of 143
Buffaloes: number of animals437,000 animals2024#17 of 45

Questions about Italy

What is the capital of Italy?

The capital of Italy is Rome.

What is the population of Italy?

Italy has a population of about 58.9M (2025), #25 of 193 among countries.

How big is Italy?

Italy covers about 302,070 km², #71 of 193 among countries.

Which continent is Italy in?

Italy is in Europe, in the region of Southern Europe.

What currency and languages are used in Italy?

The currency is the Euro. Main languages: Italian.

How does Italy compare with Japan in size and population?

The area of Italy is about 0.8 times that of Japan, and its population is about 1/2 that of Japan.

How far is Italy from Japan?

The capital, Rome, is about 9,855 km from Tokyo, the capital of Japan, in a straight line.

What is the time difference between Italy and Japan?

The capital, Rome, is on UTC+1 in standard time: 8 h behind Japan. The difference changes by one hour during daylight saving time.

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