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Russia: capital, population, area and flag

Russia is a country in Eastern Europe (Europe). Its capital is Moscow. The population is about 144M (#9 of 193) and the area is about 17,125,190 km² (#1 of 193).

Key facts

Capital
Moscow
Region
Europe / Eastern Europe
Population
143,513,328 (2025) #9 of 193
Total area
17,125,190 km² (2024) #1 of 193
Population density
8.8 people/km² (2024) #181 of 193
GDP (total)
$2.56T (2025) #8 of 189
GDP per capita
$17,547 (2025) #64 of 189
Life expectancy
73.4 years (2024) #101 of 193
Distance from Japan
7,479 km #155 of 192
Area compared with Japan
about 45 times that of Japan
Population compared with Japan
about 1.2 times that of Japan
Main languages
Russian
Currency
Russian Ruble (RUB)
Calling code
+7
Time zone (capital)
UTC+3
Time difference from Japan (standard time)
6 h behind Japan
Driving side
Right
Capital location
55.75°N 37.62°E

Population of Russia, 1950–2100 (Japanese)
See past estimates, future projections and the population pyramid in the World Population Time Machine.

Map of Russia

Map of Russia

Capital: Moscow

Russia: number one in the world

Russia ranks first in the world for these crops, animals, seafood and farm products (latest FAO data). Select one to see the whole ranking.

Russia: in the world’s top 10 for food & farming

Russia ranks among the world’s top 10 for these crops, animals, seafood and farm products (latest FAO data).

Neighbors by land

Top rankings

Russia is in the top 10 for:

Russia in world rankings

How Russia compares with other countries, indicator by indicator. Click an indicator to see the full ranking.

IndicatorValueYearRank
Geography & nature
Total area17,125,190 km²2024#1 of 193
Number of land borders14#1 of 193 tied
Latitude of the capital55.8°#7 of 193
Distance from Japan7,479 km#155 of 192
Forest area (share of land)50.8%2024#50 of 193
Arable land (share of land)7.4%2024#113 of 190
Protected land (share of land)11.5%2025#139 of 192 tied
Agricultural land (share of land)13.2%2024#163 of 192
Average annual rainfall460 mm2022#145 of 180
Freshwater resources per person29,895 m³2022#20 of 181
Forest area8,326,299 km²2025#1 of 193
Marine protected areas (share of territorial waters)2.2%2025#78 of 153
People & population
Population143,513,3282025#9 of 193
Population density8.8 people/km²2024#181 of 193
Population growth rate-0.11%2025#163 of 193
Urban population (share of people)75.3%2025#57 of 193
Life expectancy73.4 years2024#101 of 193
Fertility rate1.42 births per woman2024#155 of 193
Infant mortality rate4.1 per 1,000 births2024#151 of 192 tied
Birth rate8.4 per 1,000 people2024#164 of 193 tied
Share of people aged 65 and over17.8%2025#42 of 193
Share of children aged 0–1417.0%2025#143 of 193
Life expectancy of women78.9 years2024#81 of 193
Life expectancy of men68.3 years2024#124 of 193
Maternal mortality ratio9 per 100,000 births2023#149 of 192
City dwellers living in the largest city (share)11.8%2025#137 of 149
Death rate (per 1,000 people)12.4 per 1,000 people2024#15 of 193
Under-5 mortality (per 1,000 births)5.2 per 1,000 births2024#153 of 192
Population aged 15–64 (share of population)65.2%2025#78 of 193
Economy
GDP (total)$2.56T2025#8 of 189
GDP per capita$17,5472025#64 of 189
GDP per capita (PPP)$49,5682025#45 of 185
Economic growth rate1.0%2025#159 of 188
Inflation rate8.7%2025#27 of 179
Unemployment rate2.1%2025#161 of 178
Exports (share of GDP)18.2%2025#138 of 168
Imports (share of GDP)15.5%2025#161 of 168
Agriculture (share of GDP)3.1%2025#123 of 184
Industry (share of GDP)29.7%2025#54 of 185
Services (share of GDP)58.9%2025#82 of 185
Military spending (share of GDP)7.5%2025#4 of 155
Income inequality (Gini index)33.0 (0–100)2023#94 of 149
Goods exports (total)$419B2025#19 of 190
Money sent home by workers abroad (share of GDP)0.1%2025#159 of 170
Women in the labor force (share of women)54.5%2025#84 of 178
Youth unemployment rate7.6%2025#134 of 178
Cereal production120,400,172 t2024#5 of 177
Cereal yield (per hectare of farmland)3,042 kg/ha2024#89 of 175
Fish and seafood production (catch + farmed)5,361,160 t2024#6 of 193
Fish catch (from sea, rivers and lakes)5,018,710 t2024#5 of 193
Aquaculture (farmed fish and seafood)342,450 t2024#21 of 193
Livestock production growth (2014–16 = 100)120.6 (2014–16 average = 100)2024#62 of 187
Fertilizer use (per hectare of arable land)29 kg/ha2024#131 of 187
Manufacturing (share of GDP)13.7%2025#53 of 178
Employment in agriculture (share of jobs)5.1%2025#130 of 178
High-technology exports (share of manufactured exports)9.7%2021#65 of 168
Foreign direct investment, inflows (share of GDP)0.4%2025#150 of 187
Labor force (number of people)72,771,2942025#9 of 178
Reserves of foreign currency and gold$608B2024#6 of 169
Extreme poverty (share living on less than $3.00 a day)0.1%2023#111 of 132 tied
Daily life & technology
Internet users (share of people)94.4%2024#30 of 186
Mobile phone subscriptions186.1 per 100 people2024#6 of 193
Access to electricity (share of people)100.0%2024#1 of 193 tied
Health spending (share of GDP)7.0%2023#84 of 192
Education spending (share of GDP)4.2%2023#93 of 179
Hospital beds6.8 per 1,000 people2023#9 of 157
Doctors5.11 per 1,000 people2022#8 of 188
Research spending (share of GDP)0.94%2024#43 of 130
Women in parliament (share of seats)16.4%2025#143 of 192
University and college enrollment60.4%2024#59 of 163
Fixed broadband subscriptions27.1 per 100 people2024#60 of 192
Air passengers carried98,872,6282023#8 of 152
Safe drinking water (share of people)76.3%2024#67 of 136
Safe sanitation (share of people)58.2%2024#72 of 136
Undernourishment (share of people)2.5%2024#102 of 165 tied
Clean cooking fuels (share of people)100.0%2024#1 of 192 tied
Road traffic deaths12.0 per 100,000 people2019#115 of 183 tied
Measles vaccination (share of children)97.0%2024#31 of 192 tied
Secondary school enrollment (gross)92.5%2023#87 of 180
Primary school completion rate100.0%2019#33 of 172
Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)7.04 per 1,000 people2022#38 of 190
Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)34 per 100,000 people2024#110 of 191 tied
Health spending per person$1,0032023#65 of 192
Container port traffic (TEU)5,187,096 TEU2024#32 of 150
Environment
Renewable electricity (share of power)19.2%2021#112 of 187
CO₂ emissions per person14.0 t CO₂e per person2024#12 of 186
CO₂ emissions (total)2,009.2 Mt CO₂e2024#4 of 186
Air pollution (PM2.5)11.6 µg/m³2023#141 of 192
Energy use per person5,727 kg oil eq. per person2024#11 of 146
Renewable energy (share of final energy use)3.5%2021#163 of 191
Electricity consumption per person7,774 kWh per person2024#20 of 146
Electricity from nuclear power (share of total)17.5%2024#18 of 190
Electricity from hydropower (share of total)17.3%2024#85 of 190
Greenhouse gas emissions (total)2,575.7 Mt CO₂e2024#4 of 186
Freshwater withdrawal (share of internal resources)1.5%2022#140 of 175
Food & farming
Wheat: production82,588,000 t2024#3 of 120
Rice: production1,258,900 t2024#38 of 114
Maize (corn): production13,954,000 t2024#11 of 160
Barley: production16,667,000 t2024#1 of 100
Sorghum: production108,433 t2024#37 of 107
Millet: production325,000 t2024#11 of 73 tied
Oats: production3,000,000 t2024#2 of 74
Rye: production1,200,000 t2024#3 of 62
Potatoes: production18,448,001 t2024#5 of 150
Soybeans: production7,000,000 t2024#8 of 101
Rapeseed (canola): production4,610,000 t2024#5 of 63
Dry beans: production6,708 t2024#73 of 105
Chickpeas: production414,127 t2024#6 of 47
Lentils: production239,886 t2024#7 of 43
Dry peas: production3,251,858 t2024#1 of 95
Sunflower seeds: production17,200,000 t2024#1 of 73
Tomatoes: production2,949,455 t2024#12 of 164
Onions: production1,667,525 t2024#16 of 139
Cabbages: production2,623,671 t2024#3 of 143
Carrots (with turnips): production1,383,155 t2024#4 of 129
Cucumbers (with gherkins): production1,693,492 t2024#4 of 130
Cauliflower (with broccoli): production23,873 t2024#39 of 95
Mushrooms (with truffles): production121,655 t2024#9 of 63
Garlic: production134,331 t2024#15 of 102
Oranges: production54 t2024#109 of 112
Apples: production2,014,406 t2024#8 of 92
Grapes: production823,136 t2024#20 of 91
Strawberries: production253,628 t2024#7 of 80
Watermelons: production1,935,891 t2024#6 of 119
Peaches (with nectarines): production41,086 t2024#35 of 79
Pears: production70,940 t2024#26 of 85
Plums (with sloes): production179,519 t2024#11 of 87
Apricots: production74,554 t2024#14 of 65
Cherries: production53,442 t2024#11 of 65
Tea: production132 t2024#43 of 45
Sugar beet: production46,680,177 t2024#1 of 57
Tobacco: production14 t2024#115 of 117
Beef (cattle meat): production1,692,988 t2024#7 of 181
Pork (pig meat): production4,942,500 t2024#5 of 164
Chicken meat: production5,457,330 t2024#4 of 183
Cow’s milk: production32,792,113 t2024#6 of 178
Hen eggs: production2,595,974 t2024#7 of 167
Honey: production65,455 t2024#8 of 122
Sheep meat (mutton and lamb): production188,214 t2024#14 of 172
Goat meat: production16,736 t2024#45 of 164
Goat’s milk: production240,887 t2024#20 of 108
Butter (with ghee): production301,223 t2023#7 of 124
Cheese (all kinds): production791,956 t2023#8 of 105
Giant river prawn: production1 t2023#25 of 30 tied
Grass carp: production13,969 t2024#8 of 47
Silver carp: production41,839 t2024#6 of 46
Common carp: production76,894 t2024#6 of 97
African sharptooth catfish: production700 t2024#26 of 63
Atlantic salmon: production2,439 t2024#8 of 22
Rainbow trout: production105,705 t2024#3 of 79
Pacific cupped oyster: production195 t2024#19 of 30
Atlantic herring: production84,604 t2024#6 of 19
Atlantic mackerel: production115,475 t2024#3 of 29
Atlantic cod: production223,653 t2024#1 of 20
Haddock: production64,421 t2024#3 of 17
Blue whiting: production141,241 t2024#3 of 21
European pilchard (sardine): production4,563 t2024#15 of 28
European anchovy: production13,940 t2024#8 of 36
European sprat: production48,883 t2024#3 of 24
Largehead hairtail (cutlassfish): production4 t2024#40 of 44 tied
Seaweeds and other aquatic plants: production27,111 t2024#15 of 68
Shrimps and prawns: production27,004 t2024#24 of 114
Crabs: production51,146 t2024#9 of 97
Crayfish and other freshwater crustaceans: production4,210 t2024#11 of 64
Oysters: production5,551 t2024#13 of 51
Clams and cockles: production556 t2024#29 of 55
Scallops: production42,482 t2024#8 of 31
Mussels: production3,874 t2024#24 of 52
Squids, cuttlefish and octopuses: production108,226 t2024#9 of 102
Tunas, bonitos and billfishes: production2,513 t2024#80 of 133
Carps and other cyprinids: production249,228 t2024#8 of 115
Herrings, sardines and anchovies: production1,197,751 t2024#2 of 108
Cods, hakes and haddocks: production2,562,403 t2024#1 of 65
Flatfishes (flounders, halibuts, soles): production103,008 t2024#3 of 91
Freshwater eels: production11 t2024#29 of 41
Sea urchins, sea cucumbers and other echinoderms: production24,537 t2024#2 of 48
Sharks and rays: production4,443 t2024#31 of 127
Cattle: number of animals17,373,368 animals2024#19 of 183
Pigs: number of animals29,015,221 animals2024#5 of 165
Chickens: number of animals507,994,000 birds2024#9 of 181
Sheep: number of animals19,111,986 animals2024#22 of 173
Goats: number of animals1,687,316 animals2024#68 of 180
Horses: number of animals1,322,642 animals2024#10 of 143
Buffaloes: number of animals4,673 animals2024#35 of 45
Camels: number of animals5,222 animals2024#37 of 46
Donkeys: number of animals2,739 animals2024#83 of 104
Ducks: number of animals22,195,000 birds2024#7 of 80
Turkeys: number of animals7,535,000 birds2024#8 of 71

Questions about Russia

What is the capital of Russia?

The capital of Russia is Moscow.

What is the population of Russia?

Russia has a population of about 144M (2025), #9 of 193 among countries.

How big is Russia?

Russia covers about 17,125,190 km², #1 of 193 among countries.

Which continent is Russia in?

Russia is in Europe, in the region of Eastern Europe.

What is Russia number one in the world for in food and farming?

Russia ranks first in the world for: Barley 16.7M t, Dry peas 3.25M t, Sunflower seeds 17.2M t, Sugar beet 46.7M t, Atlantic cod 224K t, Cods, hakes and haddocks 2.56M t (FAO data).

What currency and languages are used in Russia?

The currency is the Russian Ruble. Main languages: Russian.

How does Russia compare with Japan in size and population?

The area of Russia is about 45 times that of Japan, and its population is about 1.2 times that of Japan.

How far is Russia from Japan?

The capital, Moscow, is about 7,479 km from Tokyo, the capital of Japan, in a straight line.

What is the time difference between Russia and Japan?

The capital, Moscow, is on UTC+3 in standard time: 6 h behind Japan.

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